Plant of the Month - October, 2005

ARBORETUM PLANT OF THE MONTH
by Jeff Iles
Arboretum Board Member

Professor and Chair
Department of Horticulture
Iowa State University

Thuja occidentalis 'DeGroot's Spire'
Eastern arborvitae

I'm sure you've noticed how one cultivar within a plant species often is clearly favored over all other selections. For example, Tilia cordata 'PNI 6025' (Greenspire) has been the most recognized and requested littleleaf linden selection since its introduction in the early 1960's. Likewise and until recently, all callery pears (Pyrus calleryana) were just assumed to be the cultivar 'Bradford'. And will other selections of Freeman maple (Acer x freemanii) ever rival the ever-present 'Jeffersred' (Autumn Blaze)?

And so it goes with Eastern arborvitae (Thuja occidentalis). Stroll around the sales yard of any garden center and you'll undoubtedly find an ample supply of the Dutch selection 'Smaragd', thankfully given a second name ('Emerald') to assist the linguistically challenged (myself included) who can't begin to figure out how to pronounce 'Smaragd'. But with all due respect to its introducers, 'Smaragd' hasn't performed as well in the Midwest as it has in other regions of the country/world. You retailers out there know what I'm talking about. How many times have you witnessed customers sheepishly shuffling across your parking lot, toting plastic garbage bags filled with the brown and brittle remains of 'Smaragd' arborvitae, even after relatively mild winters? It's practically become a rite of spring. But there are alternatives, and one of the best is 'Degroot's Spire'.

Discovered as a seedling selection and introduced by Sheridan Nursery, Ontario, Canada, 'Degroot's Spire' currently is receiving almost universal acclaim as one of the best Eastern arborvitaes in the nursery trade today. Its striking narrow-columnar form (6-10' tall and 2-3' wide after 10 years) makes it the perfect choice when a strong vertical accent in the garden or landscape is desired. And if you have patience (it's growth rate is a tad on the slow side), a row of 'DeGroot's Spire' creates an attractive and functional screen or becomes a handsome green wall for that special outdoor room. 

But the burning question that begs a straightforward answer is this. Will 'DeGroot's Spire' turn into 'DeGroot's Brown Spire' after a typical  Midwestern winter? Well, my honest answer is, I don't think so. All manner of nursery catalogs and web page accounts rave about it's ability to resist winter browning. But to prove it to myself, I planted a 'Degroot's Spire' just off the exposed and wind-lashed southeast corner of my porch, and five years later I've not witnessed even a hint of winter injury. How's that for a testimonial?


Editor's note: The Thuja occidentalis shown in the photograph accompanying this article is located on the edge of the Country Garden at the Bickelhaupt Arboretum.